1. Define the following fluid properties
(a) Density
(b) Weight density
(c) Specific volume
(d) Specific gravity
2. Define and distinguish between the following set of fluid properties
(i) Cohesion and Adhesion
(ii) Surface Tension and Capillarity
(iii) Dynamic Viscosity and Kinematic Viscosity
3. What is meant by viscosity of fluid, how does it manifest, and in what units it is measured? Does the viscosity of liquids and gases increase or decrease with temperature growth? Suggest reasons for the difference in behavour, if any.
4. Enunciate Newton's law of viscosity. Explain the importance of viscosity in fluid motion. What is the effect of temperature on viscosity of water and that of air.
5. The bulk modulus of elasticity of a fluid defined as k = dp/(dv/v). Show that it is equivalent to k = dρ/(dρ/ρ)
6. Discuss the thermodynamic properties of fluids.
7. Define surface tension. Prove that the relationship between rface tension and pressure inside a droplet of liquid in excess of outside pressure is given by p = 4σ / d
8. Explain the phenomenon of capillarity. Obtain the expression for capillary rise of a liquid
9. Explain the importance of compressibility in fluid flow.
10. State Newton's law of viscosity and also define the co-efficient of viscosity.
11. What are wetting and non-wetting liquids?
12. Show that the relative density of mixtures of n fluids is greater when equal volumes are taken than when equal weights are taken. Assume no change in volume due to mixing.
13. Explain in detail Newton's law of viscosity? Briefly classify the fluids based on the density and viscosity. Give the limitations of applicability of Newton's law of viscosity.
14. Derive energy equation and state the assumption mode while deriving the equation.
15. (i) Classify the fluids according to the nature of variation of viscosity. Give example.
16. State Bernoulli's theorem and assumptions for steady flow of a incompressible fluid.
17. Distinguish between mass density & specific weight.
18. Derive an expression for the variation of density of a fluid in term of bulk modulus and pressure change.
19. Derive the relation between pressure (P) & bulk modulus of elasticity (k)
(i) K = p for isothermal process
(ii) K = vp for adiabatic process
Where x = adiabatic index
20. Develop the expression for the relation between gauge pressure P inside a droplet of liquid and the surface tension.
21. Define the equation of continuity. Obtain the expression for continuity equation for a three-dimensional flow.
22. Drive Bernoulli's equation. State the assumptions made while deriving Bernoulli's equation
23. State the law of conservation of mass and derive the equation of continuity in Cartesian coordinates for an incompressible fluid.
24. Distinguish between rotational & irrotational flow. Give one example of each.
25. Comment on the validity of the statement that "Bernoulli's theorem is derived under assumption of no external force except that gravity is acting on the liquid”.
26. State Bernoulli's theorem for steady flow of an Incompressible fluid. Derive an expression for Bernoulli's theorem from first principle and state the assumptions made for such a derivation.
27. Explain the principle of venturimeter with a neat sketch. Derive the expression for the rate of flow of fluid through it.
28. Define an orifices meter. Prove that the discharge through an orifice-meter is given by the relation
29. Discuss the relative merits and demerits of venturimeter with respect to orifice- meter.
30. What is a pitot-tube? How will you determine the velocity at any point with the help of pitot-tube?
31. What is the difference between momentum equation and impulse momentums equation.
32. Define moment of momentum equation. Where this equation is used.
33. State Bernoulli's theorem. Mention the assumptions made. How is it modified while applying in practice? List out its engineering applications.
34. Explain briefly how flow through a circular pipe can be measured using a venturimeter. Sketch the arrangement and derive the necessary equations from the first principles.
35. Describe with the help of sketch the construction, operation, and use of pitot- static tube.
36. Derive the Euler's equation of motion and deduce the expression to Bernoulli's equation.
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