Self-Assessment Questions - short answer type questions: Ferrous and Non-Ferrous Metals - Engineering Materials and Metallurgy
SELF-ASSESSMENT QUESTIONS
SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
On Ferrous Materials
1. What are metals? Classify engineering materials.
2. What are ferrous metals? Classify ferrous materials.
3. State three reasons why ferrous alloys are used extensively.
4. State three characteristics of ferrous alloys that limit their utilisation.
On Steels
5. How can you specify a steel? What is the difference between 4140 steel and 4340 steel?
6. What are the three primary groups of plain carbon steels and the characteristics of each?
7. What are the principal uses of (a) low-carbon, (b) medium- carbon, and (c) high-carbon steels? M
8. What are alloy steels? How are alloy steels classified?
9. List four important alloying elements added in alloy steels.
10. Why is alloying done?
11. What are the primary effects of nickel, chromium, and copper as alloying elements in steel?
12. What are the effects of lead and sulphur on the machinability of steels?
13. Which alloy elements are basically (a) carbide formers, and (b) graphite promoters?
14. What makes a stainless steel "stainless"?
15. Why do stainless steels lose their corrosion resistance when the chromium in solution drops below 12%?
16. What determines whether a stainless steel is austenitic, ferritic, or martenistic?
17. What are common applications of (a) austenitic, (b) ferritic, and (c) martenistic steels?
18. What are the required properties of a tool steel?
19. How can you classify tool steels?
20. What is meant by 18-4-1 high speed steel?
21. What are HSLA steels? Where are they used?
22. What are maraging steels? Give its composition.
23. What are heat resisting steels and free-machining steels?
On Cast Irons
24. What are the features that make cast iron an important material?
25. What are the effects of carbon on the properties of cast iron?
26. What is the influence of cooling rate on the properties of a cast iron?
27. What is the effect of heat treatment on cast irons?
28. How can you classify cast irons?
29. What is the chemical composition of grey cast iron?
30. Where are white cast irons used?
31. What is the difference between malleable cast iron and ductile cast iron?
32. What are alloy cast irons?
33. What are the primary effects of adding Ni, Si, Mo in cast irons?
On Non-ferrous Materials
34. What properties do non-ferrous alloys have that usually are not associated with ferrous alloys?
35. Write some characteristics of non-ferrous alloys that limit their utilisation.
36. List the outstanding properties of copper and some typical applications.
37. What is the main difference between a brass and a bronze?
38. List atleast four types of brasses used.
39. List some bronze alloys.
40. What are gun metals? Give its composition.
41. What are cupronickels? What is the use of monel metal?
42. What properties have made aluminium and its alloys the most important non-ferrous metal?
43. Why does the aluminium replace the copper as an electrical conductor?
44. What is the principal difference between wrought and cast alloys?
45. What are the two types of aluminium alloys?
46. What is duralumin? Give its composition and applications.
47. What is meant by precipitation hardening?
48. Differentiate between natural ageing and artificial ageing?
49. What are the effects of ageing temperature and time on the material strength?
50. What are the required characteristics of a bearing material?
51. List the bearing materials that are commonly used?
52. What are super alloys?
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